Icyogajuru cya NASA cyayobeje ikibuye kinini kiri mu isanzure

Ikigo gishinzwe iby’isanzure muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika (NASA) cyemeje ko icyogajuru cyoherejwe mu isanzure cyabashije guhindura inzira y’ibuye rinini rizwi nka Dimorphos.

Iyi ni ntego yari yahawe iki cyogajuru cyayigezeho neza nta nkomyi , mu butumwa bwiswe Double Asteroid Redirection Test, DART.

DART yageragejwe nk’uburyo bwafasha mu gutabara isi, igihe yaba ifite ibyago byo kugongana na rimwe mu mabuye manini cyangwa imibumbe mito mito, iba mu isanzure.

NASA yatangaje ko Dimorphos ingana na stade y’umupira w’amaguru kuko ifite umurambarararo wa metero 160. Kuri iyi nshuro ntiyari ibangamiye uyu mubumbe dutuye, ku buryo nta byago byo kugongana byari byitezwe.

Gusa ngo yari mu igerageza ryo kureba niba ishobora kurihindurira icyerekezo, kugira ngo ubwo buryo buzakoreshwe mu kurokora ikiremwamuntu mu gihe haba hari ibuye igiye kugonga isi.

Mbere y’uko ibyo biba, Dimorphos byayifataga amasaha 11 n’iminota 55 kugira ngo izenguruke irindi buye yagendaga biteganye ryitwa Didymos, rifite ubugari bwa metero 780.

Abahanga mu by’ikirere bifashishije za telescope zo ku isi kugira ngo barebe noneho igihe bizafata mu kurizenguruka, ngo hemezwe niba koko hari impiduka zabaye.

Ibipimo bishya byerekanye ko Dimorphos byayifashe amasaha 11 n’iminota 23 kugira ngo izenguruke Didymos. Ibyo byahise biganisha ku mwanzuro ko DART yahinduye inzira ya rya buye ho iminota 32.

Ubwo uyu mushinga watangiraga, abahanga bavugaga ko uzaba wageze ku ntego nubasha guhindura icyekerezo cya rya buye nibura ho iminota 10.

Ubwo ibi bintu byombi byakubitanaga, DART yagenderaga ku muvuduko wa kilomtero 22.530 ku isaha, watumye ibilometero 6 bya nyuma ibigenda mu isegonda rimwe.

Abahanga kandi biteze kureba ingano y’ibivungukira byaba byaravuye kuri iryo buye, byahise bitangira gusembera mu isanzure.

Biteganywa ko mu myaka ine iri imbere, Ikigo gishinzwe iby’isanzure cyo mu Burayi, European Space Agency, kizohereza mu isanzure ubutumwa cyise Hera, bwo kugenzura umwobo waba waravutse kuri Dimorphos kubera uku kugongana.

Kugeza ubu nta buye ryaba riteye amakenga ko mu gihe cya vuba rishobora kugongana n’Isi, ariko nibura hari imibumbe mito mito cyangwa amabuye 27.000 ayegereye kandi mu ngano zitandukanye.

Ibyo byatumye abahanga batangira kwitegura uburyo bwo kuyobya ibuye ryagerageza kugonga Isi, ari nabwo hatangizwaga uyu mushinga wa DART, wose hamwe watwaye miliyoni 325$.

Iki kigendajuru cyoherejwe mu isanzure mu Ugushyingo umwaka ushize, kizamurwa na rokete ya Falcon 9 y’ikigo SpaceX. Cyamaze amezi icumi gisatira ibuye ryatumwe kugonga.

Ingaruka zikomeye zishamikiye ku byago byo kugongana n’isi zibukwa ubwo ibuye rya rutura ryagongaga Isi mu myaka miliyoni 66 ishize, ubwo iryitwa Chicxulub bikekwa ko ryari rifite ubugari bwa kolometero hagati ya 10-16, ryagonze isi maze bigateza ukwangirikwa kw’ibintu byinshi.

Bibarwa ko iyo mpanuka yahitanye inyamaswa zizwi nka dinosaurs ndetse yangiza bitatu bya kane by’ibimera n’inyamaswa byabaga ku Isi muri icyo gihe.

Ni mu gihe ukugongana gukomeye kwabayeho mu myaka 114 ishize, ubwo ibuye ryaturikiraga mu gice cya Siberia mu 1908.